中西饮食文化差异的研究意义

观点1：　　（也许不太好，但可以参考一下）

　　China and the West diet cultural difference and trend of development research

　　China and the West diet cultural difference and trend of development research

　　[abstract]

　　Along with economical development, people's living standard is enhancing day by day, the Chinese is always “the food is what matters to the people”, the nature has only one in mind to the diet culture. China has several thousand year history, the cultural inside story is quite deep, the diet culture also contains covers. But each region's cultural big background is becomes by a lot of year intravenous drip gathering, therefore is infinitely varied. This article analyzes in China and the West diet culture emphatically the difference, through the difference, the analysis, the Chinese diet culture's fit and unfit quality, the recombination people to the present China and the West cultural difference's view, forecast how should develop and fuse.

　　Along with economical development, people's living standard is enhancing day by day, the quality of life also gradually improves, the material life is getting more and more rich. The Chinese is always “the food is what matters to the people”, the nature has only one in mind to the diet culture, moreover in “the basic necessities of life”, the food arranges at second, may know it, in the people live have the pivotal status. But while the energetic culture receives which more and more takes seriously, so-called “food and drink” the diet culture is actually receiving people's repel, thought that this is preliminary, vulgar, superficial. Actually, big Chinese diet culture profound is the average person did not know that cannot think. China has several thousand year history, the cultural inside story is quite deep, the diet culture also contains covers, is an extremely broad research area, might say the diet culture the development to humanity's development inestimable function.

　　Takes a broad view at the world, each region's cultural big background is becomes by a lot of year intravenous drip gathering, experiences many have only then formed a present's set of cultural system, therefore also then had the infinite variety. The diet culture is not exceptional. In recent years, along with reform and open policy's flood tide, more and more western-style food industry has emerged China, many western-style food on Chinese's dining table easily, the young people were hanker after very much to the western-style food. It can be said that Chinese's food habit is occurring quietly is changing ......

　　First, we must study China and the West food habit the difference.

　　China and the West diet culture's difference (pursues reason which deeply difference produces)

　　1.2 kind of different diet ideas

　　Nobody will deny that West will be one kind of rational diet idea, no matter food color, smell and tastes, shape how, but the nutrition needs certainly to obtain the guarantee, will be fastidious about one day to absorb how many quantity of heat, Vitamin, protein and so on. Even if the taste is stereotyped, must certainly eat, because has the nutrition. This diet idea is adapts with the Western entire philosophy system. Metaphysics is the Western philosophy main feature. The western philosophy studies the object principle of for the thing, principle of the thing often is the metaphysics principle, the metaphysics principle links up mutually, in constipation forming philosophy. This philosophy the culture brings the vitality for the West, caused it in the natural sciences, the psychology, the methodology to realize the development which progressed by leaps and bounds. But in another some aspects, this philosophy advocated that the big earth played the hindrance role, like diet culture. At the banquet, may be fastidious about the tableware, is fastidious about the needed materials, is fastidious about the service, is fastidious about raw material of the vegetable shape, color aspect matching; But no matter how luxurious upscale, from Los Angeles to New York, the beefsteak only then one kind of flavor, does not have art to be possible to say. As the cooked food, the chicken is the chicken, the beefsteak is a beefsteak, even if has matching, that is also carries on the plate, “the Buddhist ritual procedures mutton chop”, puts the mashed potatoes at the same time, side relies on the mutton chop, in addition matches at the same time boils the green beans, adds several piece of tomato then to become. In the color contrasts distinctively, but each raw material is mutually irrelevant in the taste, is well distributed, each is each taste, simple perspicuity.

　　China is one kind of beautiful diet idea. The people when taste the cooked food, often will say that this TV dinner “delicious”, that vegetable “will not be delicious”; However if further asked that anything calls “delicious”, why “delicious”, “delicious” in where, was not perhaps easy to talk clearly. This indicated that what Chinese to diet pursue is one kind explains “the ideal condition” with difficulty, even if is usually called “the color, smell and tastes with the people, the shape,” to come this kind “the boundary” the concrete application, perhaps was still very difficult to cover.

　　The reason that the Chinese diet has its unique charm, the key lies in its taste. But the delicacy production, lies in well distributed, must make food this taste, heats up the later ripe taste, in addition the ingredient and the supplementary material taste as well as the seasoning compromise the taste, interweaves the fusion coordinated in the same place, causes it to supplement mutually, the cooperation seepage, is in perfect harmony, in you have me, in me has you. The Chinese cooking is fastidious compromises the beauty, is the Chinese cooking art concise place. A vegetable shape and the color are the external things, but the taste is actually the intrinsic thing, heavy intrinsic, but decorates the semblance not desirably, but the heavy cooked food's taste exposes the cooked food not excessively the shape and the color, this is precisely the Chinese US diet view most important performance.

　　In China, the diet beautiful pursue has crushed the rationality obviously, this kind of diet view and the Chinese tradition's philosophic thinking also tallies. As Eastern philosophy representative's Chinese philosophy, its outstanding feature is macroscopic, direct-viewing, is fuzzy and is evasive. The Chinese dish manufacture method is the well distributed large ding, is finally must compromise one happy taste. This is fastidious is a discretion, is the overall coordination. It has contained the Chinese philosophy rich diagnostic method thought that all take the vegetable taste happy, harmonized ever changing as, within had decided Chinese dish enriching and was rich in the change, has decided the Chinese dish vegetable department's characteristic and even each chef's characteristic.

　　Two. China and the West diet object difference

　　Every diet cannot leave the vegetable. In China “the vegetable” is the pictophonetic characters character, concerns with the plant. According to West's plant scholar's investigation, the vegetables which the Chinese eats has 600 many kinds, are more than six times the West. In fact, in Chinese's cooked food, the vegetarian dish is ordinary food, the meat dish is high when the holiday or the living standard, only then enters the ordinary diet structure, therefore then had “the vegetable food” since old times saying, the vegetable food occupies the dominant position in the ordinary diet structure. The Chinese take the plant as the piece de resistance, has thousand wisp of Wan Si contacting with Buddhist's promotion. They regard the animal are “the life”, but the plant “not works”, therefore, advocates the vegetarianism.

　　The westerner does not have the such good custom probably, they are receiving the nomads, the navigation nationality's cultural blood relationship, fishes and hunts, the cultivation primarily, take gathers, the planter as auxiliary, the meat are many, eats, puts on, with takes it in the animal, is also absorbs the refinement including the western medicine from the animal body to become. The westerner in introduced when oneself country diet characteristic, thought that takes the nutrition compared to China reasonable matching, has the more developed food industry, like canned food, fast-food and so on, although the taste is stereotyped, but saving of time, and the nutrition is good, therefore their country's person body is generally more vigorous and healthier than the Chinese: Gao Ge, longleg, spacious shoulder, developed muscle; But the Chinese appears the stature is thin and small, the shoulder narrow leg is short, color Huang Zhiruo. Some people act according to Western diet object obvious difference this characteristic, is called the plant disposition the Chinese, the westerner is called the animal disposition. The reflection in the cultural behavior aspect, the westerner likes take risking, the development, the conflict; But the Chinese lives contentedly in one place with little inclination to move elsewhere, solid this defends oneself. According to US expert on folklore emerging wire · Benedict “the cultural pattern” the theory, Chinese's cultural disposition is quite approximate in the classical world Apollo type, but westerner's cultural disposition is similar in the modern world Faust type. Indeed, westerner like American when development, as soon as they throw the entire family property toward the vehicle on, walked in rumble the military baggage sound. But the Chinese all the time is worrying about “the family” and “the root”, although advocated that the young people want the great-hearted are the families, but in overseas dozens of year Chinese people, end has leaned on the walking stick to come the mainland to inquire into asks the ancestor. This kind returns home the idea, the humane spirit, has no alternative but saying that is and the Chinese diet accumulates is interlinked gathers, it causes the Chinese nation that rich cohesive force, lets China's folk custom that rich touch of humanity.

　　Three. Diet way difference

　　West's diet way has is very greatly different, this kind of difference is also influential to the national disposition. In China, any banquet, no matter is any goal, only will have one form, will be everybody sits in a circle all round, shares one. The banquet must use the round table, this formally has created one kind of unity, politeness, altogether the interest atmosphere. The delicacy delicacies place a table of person's center, it is not only the object which table of people appreciate, taste, is also a table of person sentiment exchange intermedium. The people propose a toast mutually, offer food to a guest mutually, urge the vegetable, in front of the happy thing, has manifested the moral excellence which between the people respects mutually, gives precedence out of courtesy. Although looked from the hygienic angle, this diet way has the obvious deficiency, but it conforms to our nationality “the happy ending” the universal point of view, had reflected in the Chinese classical philosophy “and” this category to the descendant thought's influence, is advantageous for collective the emotion exchange, thus reforms with difficulty until now.

　　Western-style banquets, food and the liquor are freely important, but in fact that takes the set-off. Banquet's core lies in the friendship, through with the adjacent seat visitor's between conversation, achieves the friendship the goal. If banquet's friendship and dance resembling compared to, then may say, the Chinese type banquet is just like is a group dance, but the western-style banquet is just like is men's and women's social dancing. Thus it can be seen, the Chinese type banquet and the western-style banquet friendship's goal is very obvious, but the Chinese type banquet more manifests at complete meal's friendship, but the western-style banquet manifests much between the neighboring guest's friendship. Is more obvious what with the Chinese diet way's difference is the Western popular buffet. This law is: Will possess food 11 to exhibit, everybody according to his need, does not need to fix on the seat eats, takes a walk the freedom, this way is advantageous for between individual's emotion exchange, does not will certainly all words to suspend on the tabletop, also has displayed the westerner to the individuality, to the self-respect. But eats respectively each, did not harass mutually, lacks some Chinese to chat the happy altogether happy affective tone.

　　Therefore, in the final analysis between perceptual and rational difference. But, this kind of difference as if in changes along with the science development fuzziness. More and more Chinese by no longer only pay great attention the vegetable the color, smell and tastes, but paid great attention its health and the nutrition. Especially after having experienced the SARS. Also, the people because of more and more busy work, thought that the Chinese meal does is too troublesome, Tathagata Hamburg does not facilitate and so on. As the matter stands the difference not was also too distinct in the diet. Then, how in the future will the diet change and develops, the straightforward spot which said that will be the present will eat anything, how to eat, this will live with us is closely linked.

　　Therefore, how will develop to the future China diet conducts the research will be very essential. How then the present people are do regard this question? We in several west dining rooms have made a series of investigations:

　　1. You like the Chinese meal or the western-style food?

　　Western-style food 3% Chinese meal 37% Likes 60%

　　From this may see, the pure western-style food person is few, the Chinese meal person is also few in number, but most people are certainly like. Then, this means that in people's life must have the traditional Chinese meal, must have some western-style foods. This involves to the western-style food fusion question.

　　2. which foods do you like in the western-style food?

　　Mainly has: Bread, Hamburg, Pisa, cold drink, coffee, fries, ice cream, curry, salad, mashed potatoes, hot dog.

　　Here example has lifted western-style food which some people like, these foods simultaneously are also have representatively extremely. To be specific looks like the bread, the hamburger, the hot dog, these foods appear frequently in ours life, especially when breakfast and traveling camp, even is necessary. The fries, the ice cream, some cold drinks took our between-meal snack, the sweets also to integrate in the life;

　　Moreover, some special western-style pastry shop, like the Pisa cake shop, the bakery and so on also day by day increase, provided the people to have the western-style food the opportunity.

　　3. which foods do you like in the Chinese meal?

　　Mainly has: The rice, the hot pot, the sweet dumplings, the sugar burn down, the spring roll

　　Must say that traditional the Chinese dish, does not have what symbolic representative, the delicacy is representative. The rice, noodles such potluck to the people are certainly the delicacy, has been for many years essential staple food; China's some snacks are also extremely appealing, like spring roll, meat pie, shao mai, lunar new year's cake, glutinous rice cake and so on. The hot pot is other one Chinese meal way, has the regional difference in China, many cherishes for the northerner.

　　What is worth mentioning is the Beijing famous old shop, like Quanjude, Donglaishun, Gundeling, six must occupy and so on.

　　4. you thought that kind of dining now or the future will receive welcome?

　　Chinese meal 70% Western-style food 30%

　　From this may know that although at present the Chinese meal is throughout our diet leadership, the western-style food enters us to live greatly, but is only the Chinese meal fill. The Chinese tradition's food habit, the custom easily will not be changed.

　　5. whether do you think a western-style food better fusion?

　　Can 80% Cannot 20%

　　The type looks like, the people hoped very much the western-style food has certain fusion, and also very much has the confidence to the western-style food's fusion.

　　6. you thought how the western-style food will fuse?

　　West the Chinese meal eats; The western-style food should avoid the high quantity of heat; The western-style food should be popular, common people; The Chinese meal should facilitate quickly; Western-style food staple food Chinese meal vegetable; Makes the western-style food with the Chinese meal procedure, makes the Chinese meal with the western-style food procedure.

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